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West- und ostpreußische Ortsnamen
(Vorsilben) |
Abkürzungen:
pr = prußisch
pr-sud = sudauischer Dialekt
pr-schal = schalauischer Dialekt
lit = litauisch
szem = szemaitisch, samogitisch, niederlitauisch
kur = kurisch
n-kur = nehrungskurisch
lat = lettisch
pr-lit = Mischdialekt zwischen pr, lit, kur, szem, lat
balt = baltisch
got = gotisches Lehnwort
Acken: ackons (pr) = Getreidehaar, Granne / awn
Alx, Alex, Elx, Alks, Elks= alektis (pr); alksnis
(lit)/ alder-tree
An = auf (pr)/ on
Ant = gegen (pr-sud)/ against
Aps, Abs: apse (pr), epuse, drebuls (lit) =
Eschen-Baum/ aspen-tree
Arg, Arge: argus, arge (pr) = wild, böse/ wild,
fierce
Asch, Ass, Asz, Esz, Esch: assaran (pr), eszerin
(lit) = See/ lake
Auct, Augst, Aux: aucti, aukta (pr), augst, aux (lit)
= hoch/ high
Aude (pr-sud) = nordost/ north-east
Azy (pr) = Waldrand, Hain/ edge of the wood
Balt, Baltu, Baltr: baltas = weiß
Bebru (pr), bebras (lit) = Biber/ beaver
Bers, Bersch, Bersz: berse, berze (pr), beržas (lit)
= Birke/ birch-tree
Bitt, Bitte (pr), Bite (lit) = Biene/ bee
Blude (pr) = Becken, Senke/ basin
Bog: boga (pr) = steinige mit Buschwerk
bewachsene Erde/ stony earth with bushes
Bred, Bröd: bredis, breidis (pr) = Elch/ elk
Bruk: brukis (pr) = Schlag/ stroke
Bud, Bude: bude (pr) = Wachposten, Wachbude/
guarding station
Butt: butan, buttas (pr), namas (lit) = Haus,
Heim/ house, home
Damerau: damerowe (pr) = halb gerodeter eichwald/
oak forest, mostly root out
Darg, Darge, Dargs (pr) = haltbar, standfest/
stable, firm
Daug:, Daugas (balt) = viel/ much
Deg: degint (pr) = brennen/ to burn
Dem: deme (lit) = Brandmal/ brand
Did, Dit, Ditt: didis (pr) = groß/ great, big
Dirw, Dirwe: dirwa (pr) = Acker, Säeland/ field,
sow-land
Dob, Dop: dobe, daubis = Höhle, tief im Wald/
cave, dep in the forest
Draug: Draugas (balt) = zusammen, guter Gefährte,
Teilhaber/ together, good companion
Dum, Dumm, Dumsch: dumas (pr) = Rauch, Nebel,
Finsternis/ smoke, gog, darkness
Dumb, Dump: dumblas (pr) = Schlamm, Schwemmsand/
mud, silt
Dwi: dwai (pr) = zwei, Teilhaber/ two, companions
Eggle: Egle (balt), kenis, baltegle (lit) =
Tanne/ fir-tree
Elk, Elx, Alex: Elkas, alkas (pr) = heiliger
Hain/ holy grove
Endru (lit) = Andreas oder Heinrich/ Andrew or
Hendrik
Ens (lit) = Hans, Johannes/ John
Eze, Esse, Ezze (pr) = über/ over
Gaid: gaidys (balt) = Hahn/ cock
Gandr: gandrus/ gandras (balt) = Storch/ stork
Gaw, Gauw: gauwe (pr), galvijas (lit) = Rind/ cow,
cattle
Gell, Gelle: gelau (pr) = Blumen-Aue/
flower-meadow
Germ: germe (pr) = Urwald/ jungle
Gert, Gerd: gerta (pr), vista (lit) = Huhn/ hen
Gerw: gerwe, gerve (balt) = Kranich/ crane
Ges: gesnis (pr) = Schnepfe, Waldschnepfe/ snipe
Gim, Gimm: gimine (pr), giminaitis (lit) =
Verwandte/ relatives
Girn: girnus (pr) = Steinmetz/ stonemason
Girr, Girre: girrimai (pr), girti (lit) = loben,
lobenswert, gut/ to praise, commendable, good
Giw: giwet (pr), gyventi (lit) = leben, arbeiten/
to live, to work
Glos, Gloss: glosis, glossis (pr), gluosnis (lit)
= Weidenbaum, Haarweide, Korbweide/ willow-tree
Garb, Garben, Grab: grabis, garbis (pr), kalnas (lit)
= Berg/ hill
Gras: grasus (pr), gražus (lit) = schön/
beautiful
Graud, Graudenz: graude (pr), sengire (lit) =
Urwald, feuchter alter dichter Laubwald/ old dense jungle
Grik, Grick: gricka (pr) = Buchweizen/ buck-wheat
Gud, Gut,Gutt: gud, gudde (pr), krumas (lit) =
Brocken, harte Erde/hunk of hard earth
Ischd, Ischdaggen: išdygti (lit) = aufkeimen/ to
sprout
Jent: jent (pr-sud), swaine (lit) = Schwägerin/
sister-in-law
Jest (pr) = Ist, Bestand/ is, existence, stock
Jew: jewa (pr-sud) = Faulbeerbaum/ black alder,
alder buckthorn
Jod, Jud: jod, jodis (pr), juodas (lit) =
schwarz/ black
Jon (lit) = Jan, Johann/ John
Juck, Jug: jugsti (pr) = sich vereinen,
Teilhaber/ to form an alliance with
Juw: juwas (pr) = Eiben (Baum)/ yew-tree
Kack: kackint (pr), čiupti, griebti (lit) =
greifen, ergreifen/ to seize, to grab
Kail, Kailen: kailis (lit) = Pelz/ fur
Kal, Kall: kalnas (lit), grabis (pr) = Berg/ hill
Kamp: kampas (pr) = buschbestandene Insel oder
Winkel in einer Flussmündung/ edge or small island with shrubbery in river-delta
Kam, Kams: kams (pr) = stumpf, rund, hörnerlos/
blunt, round, hornless
Kannap: kannapinis (pr), kanapes (lit) = Hanf,
Hanfsamen/ hemp, hemp-seed
Kand: kandus (pr), kandis (lit) = Motte (Insekt)/
moth
Kap: kaperna, kaponis (pr), kalva, kalnelis (lit)
= Hügel, Hang, Düne, Nehrung/ knoll, slope, dune, spit, sandbar
Kar, Kara: kara (pr), karallius (lit) = Krieg,
Heeresführer, König/ war, military leader, king
Karcz: karczemo (pr) = Krug, Dorfschenke/ tavern
Kar, Kark, Karkel: karklas (balt) = Weide,
Wasserweide/ willow-tree
Karp: karpis (pr-sud), uola, rifas (lit) =
Klippe, steiler Abhang/ cliff
Karpo: karpune (pr) = Flechte, Moos/ lichen
Kasch: kaschis (pr) = Abgabem Tribut/ tax,
tribute
Kas, Kasz, Kiss: kaszis (pr-lit), kissis (pr) =
Pelz, Haut, Leder/ fur, ski, hide
Kauk, Kuk, Cux: kaukas, kux, cauks (pr) =
Waldgeist/ goblin of forest
Kaun, Kiaun: kaune (pr), kiaune (lit) = Marder/
marten
Kausch: kausche (pr) = Holzschale, Mulde/ wooden
bowl, hollow
Kaw: kawat (pr-sud) = schlagen, fällen/ to strike,
to cut down
Kek, Keko: kekers (pr), keko (lit) = Erbse (pr),
Traube (lit)/ pea (pr), grape (lit)
Kell, Kelm: kelmas (balt) = Baumstumpf, Stubben/
tree stump
Kepp, Kept: kepinti (lit) = brennen/ to burn
Kerm: kermošius (lit) = Markt, Jahrmarkt/ market,
fair
Kersch: kerschas (pr) = bunt/ colourful
Kerst: kerst, kerstin (pr) = fällen, Holzfäller/
to cut down, woodcutter
Kerr: kerynas (lit) = Gesträuch, Gestrüpp/ bushes,
shrubbery
Kiausch: kias (pr) = Knüppel/ heavy stick
Kiauk: kiaukseti (lit) = Kreischen (von Dohlen) /
shrieking (of jackdaws)
Kiaut: kiautas (szem) = Hülse, Schlaube, Schale/
hull, husk, skin
Kiddel: kidel = Fischernetz/ fishing net
Kim: kimine (kur), kiminai (szem) = Moos,
Torfmoos/ moss, oeat moss
Kirsch: kirscha (pr) über, hoch/ over, high
Kiss: kissis (pr) = Pelz/ fur
Klek, Kleg: klekkint (pr), kleketi (lit) =
Storchenklappern (pr), Schreien von Raubvögeln (lit)/ clattering of storks (pr),
shrieking of wild birds (lit)
Klew: klevis (lit) = Ahorn/ maple tree
Klon: klonis, klonys (balt) = Wiese inmitten
Äcker (pr), Tal (lit)/ meadow between fields (pr), valley (lit)
Kneip, Knip: knipawe (pr) = Ort, der umflossen
wird/ place surrounded by waters
Ko, Ku, Kas = wie, ebenso wie/ like something
Kol, Kole, Kolle, Kohl: kolas (pr-sud) = Pfahl, Pfosten
(Pfahlbau)/ stake (pile dwelling)
Krak: krakta (pr) = Schwarzspecht/ black
woodpecker
Krau: krauja (balt), kraujawirpis (pr) = Blut,
Blutegel/ blood, leech
Kraus: krausi (pr) = Birnbaum/ pear tree
Kruk, Krug: krukis (pr) = Rabe/ raven
Krusch, Krosch: kruschke (pr) = Wildbirne/ wild
pear
Kub: kubilas (lit) = Kübel, Mulde/ bucket, hollow
Kud: kudus (pr) = mager
Kuhr: kurischer Ort/ place of Curonians
Kul: kules (lit) = Getreideland/ grain field
Kum: kumetis (lit) Instmann/ wage labourer
Kund, Kunt: kuntis (pr) = Großbauer/ landlord
Kup: kupras = Höcker, Buckel/ hump
Kur: kura (pr), kurt (kur) = Bauwerk (pr),
anzünden, brennen (kur)/ building (pr), to burn (kur)
Kursch: kurschas (pr) Rodeland mit niedrigen
Sträuchern und verkrüppelten Bäumen/ cleared soil with shrubbery and stunted
trees
Kuss: kussis (pr) = Mücke/ midge
Kut: kutis (pr) = Stall, Pferch/ stable, pen
Lab: labai, labas (balt) = gut/ good
Lang: langa (kur) = Sumpfloch
Lank, Lenk: lanka (balt), lenke (pr) = Wiese, Tal
am Fluss/ meadow, valley at a river
Lap: lapas, lopis (pr-sud) = Flamme, Fackel/
flame, torch
Lau, Lauk: lauk (lit) hinaus, draußen (auf dem
Acker)/ outside (on the field)
Lausch, Law: laužas (lit) = elende Hütte/ shack,
shanty
Lasd, Lagsd: lazda (lit), lagzde (pr) = Haselnuss/ hazel
nut
Lid, Lied: lide (pr) = Hecht/ northern pike
Lien, Liene: linas (pr) = Schlei / tench fish
Lieb, Lip, Lip, Liep: lipa (pr) = Linde/ lime
tree
Lit, Litt: litwinas (pr) = eingewanderte Litauer/
immigrants from Lithuania
Lub, Löb, Löbe: lub (pr) = Bast, Rindenbast
abziehen/ raffia, to take off bark
Luk, Luck, Lyck: luka (pr) = Mummel, gelbe
Seerose/ yellow water-lily
Lusch: lušis (lit), luisis (pr) = Luchs/ lynx
Mak: make, moke (pr) = Mohn/ poppy
Mal: mala (pr) = Rand/edge
Mas, Mass, Matz, Masz, Mazz: massis (pr), mažas (lit)
= weniger, klein, gering/ less, small, little
Mau: maudas (lit) = Schiilfrohr/ reed
Medu, Medi, Medisch: medis (pr-lit), medu, meddo
(pr) = Wald (pr-lit), Honig (pr)/ forest (pr-lit), honey (pr)
Mel, Mehl: melato (pr) = Grünspecht/ green
woodpecker
Mesch: meschka (pr) = Bär/ bear
Mil, Miel: mila (pr) = Liebe/ love
Mix, Miks: mixkai, mikskai (pr) = deutsch/ german
Mol, Mul: molas (pr), muluwe (pr-sud) = Schlamm,
Morast/ mud, morast
Naud: nauds (pr) = gut/ good
Nauj: naujas (pr-sud) = neu, Neusiedler/ new, new
settler
Naus: nausedis (pr) = neu, Neusiedler/ new, new
settler
Nor: noras (pr) = Wunsch, Begehren/ wish, desire
Ob: ob (lit), abalne, bobalne, wobalne (pr) =
Apfelbaum/ apple tree
Op: opin (pr) = leicht, angenehm/ easy, pleasant
Osch, Osz: osch (pr) = schwer zu behandeln wie
ästiges Holz/ something which is hard to handle like knots in trees
Ost: oastas (pr), ošti (lit) = Hafen (pr),
sausen, brausen (lit)/ harbour (pr), surge, buzz (lit)
Pa, Po (balt) = bei nah, unter, hinunter, hinter,
am Rande/ at, near, under, down, behind, at the edge
Pemp: pempe (pr-lit) = Kiebitz/ peewit bird,
lapwing
Per: (balt) = über, umher, durch/ over, round
about, through
Pes, Pse: peslys (pr) = Weihe (Vogel)/ kite bird
Pil, Pill: pilis, pila, pille (pr-lit) = Burg,
Schloss/ castle
Piep, Pip: pipelis (pr) = Vogel, pyplys (lit) =
Schlammpeizger, "Wetterfisch"/ bird (pr), mud-fish "weatherfish"
Pirack: pyragas (lit), pirak (pr) = Weißbrot/
white bread
Piss, Pisse, Pise, Pisz, Pisch: pissa (pr) =
grundloser Morast, wo nur kleine Birken und Fichten wachsen/ deep swamp where
only small birch and fir trees can grow
Plat, Platt: platus (pr-lit) = Weite, Ausdehnung/
wide, space, extent
Plausch: plauszis (pr.schal), plauszinis (pr),
plaušas (lit) = Schilf (pr-schal), Bast (pr), Faser (lit)/ reed (pr-schal),
raffia (pr), fibre (lit)
Plein: pleine (pr) = Ebene/ plain
Plon: plonis (pr) = Tenne in der Dreschscheune/
bran floor
Pra, Pro: (balt) = durch, vorbei/ through, past,
by
Prass, Praß: prassan (pr) = Hirse/ millet
Pre, Prei: (pr) = an, bei, vor, heran/ at, near,
before
Pus, Puss: (balt) = halb/ half
Pust: pust (pr) = wehen, verwehen/ to blow
Rad: raczas (pr), račius (lit) = Wagenmacher,
Stellmacher/ cartwright
Rag: ragas (pr-lit) = Horn, Ecke, Landzunge,
Spitze/ horn, corner, promotory, point
Rast: (pr) Pfahl, Pfahlbau/ stake, pile dwelling
Raud: raudona (pr) = hellbraun/ light-brown
Reck, Reik: reikauti (lit) = beantragen, fordern/
to apply for, to demand
Ret, Rett: reteti (lit) = sich lichten,
verdünnen/ to clear, to rarefy
Rib, Ribb: riba (lit) = Grenze/ border
Rind: rinda (pr) = Trog, Mulde/ crip, hollow
Rog, Rogg: roges (lit) = Sumpf, der nur mit
Schlitten befahren werden kann/ mud you can only pass by sledges
Rok: rokis (pr) = Krebs/ crayfish
Ram, Rom, Rum: (balt) = ruhig, still, heilige
Stelle/ calm, qiet, silent, holy place
Rud, Rudd: rudas (balt) = rotbraun, eisenhaltig/
redbrown, ferruginous
Rit, Ritt: ryteneti (lit) = östlich/ easterly
Sark: sarke (pr) = Elster, auch Krähe/ magpie
also crow
Schack, Schak, Schok: schokis (pr) = spitzes
Sumpfgras, šaknis (lit) = wurzel/ reed (pr), root (lit)
Schmack: šmakas (lit) = Erdgeist, Drache/
earth-goblin, dragon
Schunk: šunkelis (lit) = Abweg/ off the road
Sam, Sem, Szem: same, zeme (pr) = Erde/ earth
San: (pr) mit/ with
Sand: sandet (pr) = vereinen/ to join
Sas, Sass: sasnis (pr) = Hase oder sasna = reich/
hare or rich
Saug: saugis (pr) = Ameise/ ant
Saus: sausin (pr) = trocken/ dry
Schal, Skalb, Schalb, Skel, Schel: (pr-schal) =
prußischer Stamm der Schalwen nördlich und südlich der Memel/ prussian tribe
northern and southern of Memel-Nemunas-river
Schaud, Skaud: schaudit (pr) = schießen/ to shoot
Sen: (pr) eigen/ own
Schill, Szil: silas (pr) = Heideland/ heathen
Schab, Skab, Szap: skaberwis (pr) = Hainbuche/
hornbeam tree
Schatt, Skat: szatas (pr) = Schottischer
Einwanderer/ immigrant from Scotland
Schwirg: zwirgstan (pr) = Schotter, Kies/ gravel
Skard: skardas (pr-sud) = Mühle/ ,ill
Szard: szarde (n-kur) = Rossgarten, Pferch/
horsegarden, pen
Scher, Sker, Sis: skeris, sisenis (pr) =
Heuschrecke/ grasshopper
Schied, Szied: skete (pr) = ausgedehnt/ wide,
expandet
Skies, Schis: skijstinnons (pr) = gereinigt/
cleared
Schin: skint (pr) = pflücken/ to pick
Skirp, Skirb, Schirp: skirpta, skerptus (pr) =
Geißblatt-Ulme/ honey-suckle-elm
Skirt, Schirt: skirti (pr) = kennzeichnen,
teilen/ to mark, to devide
Skam, Scham, Skom, Schom: skomp (pr) = schallen,
tönen/ to resound
Skreb, Schreb: skrepils (kur) = Auswurf, aushub/
to cast, to dig
Skrob, Schrob: skroblus (pr) = Hagebuche/
grove-beech tree
Skrud, Skrusd, Schrud: skruzde (kur) = Ameise/
ant
Schmal, Smal: smaleninkai (pr) = Teerbrenner
durch Brennen von Kohle/ tar producer by coal burning
Schmil: smilgas (pr) = Ackerwindhalm, Grashalm/
shavegrass, blade of grass
Sob: sobis (pr) = See, Gewässer/ lake, waters
Sod: soda (pr) Dorf/ village
Stab: stabas (pr) = Stein/ stone
Stir: stirna (pr) = Reh/ deer
Stuk: stuckis (pr) = Leinbaum/ rope-beam
Stumb, Stump: strumdras (pr) = Auerochse/ aurox,
bison
Suss: susinas (pr) = Siedlung von
zwangsumgesiedelten Sudauern/ settlement of resettled Sudovians
Schwent, Swint: swintai, swenras (pr) = heilig/
holy
Schwirb, Szwirp, Zwirb: swirblis (pr) = Sperling,
Spatz/ sparrow
Scham, Schem, Szem, Szam: Einwanderer-Siedlung
aus Szemaiten, Samogitia/ immigrant settlement from Zemaitija, Samogitia
Tal, Thal, Tol, Toll: talas touls (pr) = weit,
entfernt, von weit her (meist umgesiedelte sudauer)/ far, from far away (mostly
resettled Sudovians)
Tamm, Tumm: tamsa (pr-sud) = Düsterkeit,
Sedimentgestein/ darkness, sediment
Tarp: (pr) = zwischen, unter/ between, below
Tauk: taukai (pr) = fette Erde/ fat earth
Taur, Tauro: tauris (pr) = Büffel/ bison
Taut: tautas (pr) = Landbesitzer/ landowner
Taw: tawai (pr) = Eltern/ parents
Tel, Telli: telli (pr-sud) = weniger, nicht so
viel/ less, not so much
Tew, Thewe: tewis (pr) = Onkel/ uncle
Tils, Tilsch: tilse (balt) = sumpfig, schal/
swampy
Trak, Trag: trakas (balt) = Lichtung,
Sumpfniederung/ glade
Trap: traponas (pr) = guter Schütze/ good
marksman
Trecz, Tri: trečias (lit), tri (pr) = Dritter (lit),
drei (pr)/ third (lit), three (pr)
Trot, Trott: trotitys (pr) = quälen, vernichten/
to torment, to ruin
Trump: trumpas (pr) = kurz, eng, kompakt/ short,
narrow, compact
Tub: tubo (pr) = Filz/ felt
Tur, Thur: turesna (pr) = Besitz/ property
Uder: udro (pr) = Biber/ beaver
Usch, Usz, Uss, Wusch: usz (pr-nad, pr-schal) =
hinter, jenseits/ behind, on the other side
Wasch, Wosch: vašas (lit) = Haken/ hook
Wesch, Wesz: vežys (lit) = Krebs/ crayfish
Wisch: viszta (pr) = Henne, Federvieh/ hen,
poultry
Wab, Wabb: wabelko (pr) = Äpfelchen/ small apple
Wag: waga (pr) = Furche, Flussbett, Kanal/ furrow,
river bed, channel
Wald: waldunas (pr) = Edelmann, Häuptling/
nobleman
Wal: walite (pr) = Schilfkolben/ reed spike
Wannag: wanagis (pr) = Habicht/ kawk
Wang: wanga (got) = Rodung, Lichtung/ glade
War, Warn: warne (pr) = Krähe/ crow
Weid: weidulis (pr) = Seher, Wahrsager, heiliger
Ort/ wise seer, holy place
Went, Wind: wenter (pr) = Fischnetz, Zugnetz/
fishing net, pulling net
Werd: wederau (pr) = hügelige Ebene/ hilly plein
Wers, Wersch: wersiris (pr) = Lerche/ lark
Wert: wert (pr) = öffnen/ to open
Wey: weysigis (pr) = Wiese/ meadow
Wick, Wik, Wix: wicksi (pr) = Wicke, Ackerwinde/
vetch, sweet peas
Will: wilit (pr) = wünschen, beantragen/ to wish,
to apply for
Wilk, Willk: wilkis (pr) = Wolf/ wolf
Wing: wingus (pr) = krumm, schief, gewunden/
crookes, lop-sided
Wip, Wiep: wipis (pr) = Ast/ branche
Wirb, Wirp: zittern, beben (Moor)/ to tremble, to
shake (swamp)
Wirs, Wirsch, Wirsz: wirkint (pr) = Oberfläche
bearbeiten/ to treat the surface
Wisch, Wiesch, Wysch, Wösch: wischerad (pr) =
alt/ old
Wit, Witt: witi (pr) = Hopfen/ hop
Wor: woras (pr) = alt/ old
Woyk: woykello (pr) = Knecht/ farmhand
Woit: woytis (pr) = Heeresführer/ military leader
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